CCNA Service Provider (SP)

[PlAwAnSaI]

640-875 SPNGN1 Exam Topics

Exam Description
The 640-875 Building Cisco Service Provider Next-Generation Networks, Part 1 exam is associated with the CCNA SP certification. This exam tests a candidate basic knowledge and skills necessary to support a service provider network. Candidates can prepare for this exam by taking the Building Cisco Service Provider Next-Generation Networks, Part 1 (SPNGN1) course.

Exam Topics
The following topics are general guidelines for the content likely to be included on the Building Cisco Service Provider Next-Generation Networks, Part 1 exam. However, other related topics may also appear on any specific delivery of the exam. In order to better reflect the contents of the exam and for clarity purposes, the guidelines below may change at any time without notice.

IP Networks


[li]Describe the purpose and functions of various network devices (at the core, distribution, and access layers)[/li]
[li]Identify the functional components required to meet a given network specification[/li]
[li]Describe the OSI and TCP/IP models and their associated protocols to explain how data flows in a network[/li]
[li]Describe common network applications and their impact on the network[/li]
[li]Interpret network diagrams[/li]
[li]Troubleshoot common network problems at layers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 using a layered model approach[/li]
[li]Describe differences between LAN and WAN operation and features[/li][/list]

IPv4 and IPv6 Addressing


[li]Describe the structure of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses[/li]
[li]Describe VLSM, CIDR and route summarization concepts[/li]
[li]Describe the different types of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses[/li]
[li]Design an IP subnetting plan based on given requirements[/li][/list]

Switched Network Technologies I


[li]Describe bridging concepts and Layer 2 Ethernet frames[/li]
[li]Configure basic Spanning Tree operations on Cisco IOS Switches[/li]
[li]Interpret the output of various basic show and debug commands to verify the operational status of a Cisco switched network[/li]
[li]Configure basic switch security (i.e, port security, securing unused ports)[/li]
[li]Describe Ethernet link bundling, LACP, and PAgP and Flex Links[/li][/list]

Routed Network Technologies I


[li]Describe classful versus classless routing[/li]
[li]Describe routing protocols basics (metrics, IGP versus EGP)[/li]
[li]Describe RIPv1, RIPv2, RIPNG[/li]
[li]Implement EIGRPv4 and EIGRPv6 on Cisco IOS, IOS-XE and IOS-XR routers[/li]
[li]Describe route redistribution[/li]
[li]Describe VRF[/li]
[li]Describe GRE[/li][/list]

IP Services


[li]Configure NAT (IPv4) on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Configure DHCP (IPv4 and IPv6) operations on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Describe ICMPv4 and ICMPv6[/li]
[li]Describe DNS[/li][/list]

Cisco Operating Systems and Platforms I


[li]Implement basic Cisco IOS, IOS-XE and IOS-XR CLI operations[/li]
[li]Implement basic Cisco IOS, IOS-XE and IOS-XR routers configurations[/li][/list]

Transport Technologies


[li]Describe SONET and SDH[/li]
[li]Describe DWDM, IPoDWDM, and ROADM[/li]
[li]Configure 10 Gigabit Ethernet, 40 Gigabit Ethernet, and 100 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Describe Frame Relay[/li]
[li]Describe ATM[/li]
[li]Describe Metro Ethernet[/li]
[li]Describe DSL[/li]
[li]Describe T1, T3, E1, E3, and ISDN[/li]
[li]Implement PPP encapsulation on Cisco routers serial and POS interfaces[/li]
[li]Describe cable (DOCSIS)[/li]
[li]Describe the main BRAS and BNG routers functions in IP NGN[/li]
[li]Describe various Passive Optical Network (PON) access technologies and FTTx[/li][/list]

Security in the Network


[li]Describe Layer 2 security features on Cisco IOS switches[/li]
[li]Configure management plane security on Cisco routers and IOS switches[/li]
[li]Describe IPsec[/li]
[li]Describe control plane security[/li]
[li]Configure basic AAA (TACACS+ and RADIUS) services on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Configure routing protocols authentication between Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Describe the relationships between users, user groups, tasks groups and task IDs in IOS-XR[/li]
[li]Describe common types of network attacks[/li][/list]

Network Management


[li]Configure NTP server or client on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Configure IP SLA on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Configure CDP on Cisco routers and IOS switches[/li]
[li]Configure SNMP on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Configure NetFlow on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Configure logging to Syslog server on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Describe the Cisco IOS Call-Home feature[/li]
[li]Describe Cisco TAC procedure and navigate Cisco support tools (CCO)[/li]
[li]Implement management access (SSH, telnet, and out-of-band management design)[/li]
[li]Implement SPAN, RSPAN, and ERSPAN[/li]
[li]Implement file transfers to manage network devices configurations and images using FTP, SCP, TFTP, SFTP, and RCP[/li][/list]

Set authentication, frame-relay, NAT, DHCP
ข้อแตกต่างของ RIP, OSPF และ EIGRP
PAP & CHAP
เครือข่ายความเร็วสูง, SONET/SDH
VRF คืออะไร เอาไว้ทำอะไร ?
IOS XR
Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM)
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)
DWDM เทคโนโลยีสื่อสารความเร็วสูงสำหรับเส้นใยแก้ว
SNMP & SNMP Trap
Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreement (SLA)
ME3400
เกี่ยวกับ IEEE 802
NetFlow


[li]Routing protocol authentication
[/list]


[li]MD5 passwords are never sent to a peer.[/li]
[li]Routers authenticate each routing update packet received.[/li]
[li]MD5 authentication must be configured with the same password on both BGP peers.[/li][/list]
[/li]
[li]Private IP Address (RFC 1918) คือ IP Address ที่สงวนไว้สำหรับใช้ภายในองค์กร โดยที่หมายเลข IP
Address เหล่านี้ไม่สามารถนำไปใช้งานใน Internet ได้


[li]Class A = 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255[/li]
[li]Class B = 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255[/li]
[li]Class C = 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255[/li][/list]
[/li]

ARP, RARP, Proxy ARP, Gratuitous ARP and IP Redirect คือ ?


Code:
http://www.ciscoclub.in.th/index.php?topic=715




Code:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EtherType



เร้าติ้งโปรโตคอลแบ่งตาม Classless และ Classful


Code:
http://www.gotoknow.org/blogs/posts/306789



ทำความรู้จักกับ Port Security บน Cisco Catalyst Switch


Code:
http://running-config.blogspot.com/2011/01/port-security-cisco-catalyst-switch.html




Code:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/lan/catalyst6500/ios/12.2SX/configuration/guide/port_sec.html



Reliable Delivery and Filtering for Syslog


Code:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_4t/12_4t11/htnmsylg.html



Command Copy TFTP Running-config This command lets you merge your backed up config


Code:
http://www.howtonetwork.net/public/659.cfm

 

[PlAwAnSaI]

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), สาเหตุที่ทำให้เกิด loop, การหา Root Bridge, Mode การทำงาน, Blocking,


Code:
http://www.compspot.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=351




Code:
http://www.orbit-computer-solutions.com/How-the-Root-Bridge-and-Ports-are-chosen.php



Managing Configuration Files Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Release 3S


Code:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios-xml/ios/config-mgmt/configuration/xe-3s/Managing_Configuration_Files_Configuration_Guide_Cisco_IOS_XE_Release_3S.html





[li]Given the IP address 172.16.170.15 255.255.224.0, the subnet = 172.16.160.0/19, the host IP address range = 172.16.160.1 to 172.16.191.254, and the subnet broadcast IP address = 172.16.191.255

[/li]
[li][/list]

7 collision domains and 2 broadcast domains shown in the exhibit.

[/li]
[li]

5 collision domains and 2 broadcast domains shown in the exhibit.

[/li]
[li]10.159.255.254/13, 10.158.255.255/13 and 10.153.0.1/13 are valid for hosts that belong to the 10.152.0.0/13 subnet.

[/li]
[li]The ff00::/8 prefix denotes a multicast type of IPv6 address.

[/li]
[li]With IPv6, for router and prefix discovery purpose are router solicitation and router advertisement used.

[/li]
[li]The first 3 bits IPv6 global unicast addresses is 001.

[/li]
[li]Given the IP address 10.106.170.145 255.248.0.0, subnet = 10.104.0.0/13, host IP address range = 10.104.0.1 to 10.111.255.254, and the subnet broadcast IP address = 10.111.255.255

[/li]
[li]Robert is sending an instant message to Mary. The message will be broken into a series of packets that will traverse all network devices.

The source MAC = 0000.000c.0123, source IP = 10.1.2.2, destination MAC = 0000.000c.0124, and destination IP = 10.1.3.3 that will populate these packets as they are forwarded from Router2 to Router1.

[/li]
[li]Frame Relay is Layer 2 WAN protocol uses DLCI as the virtual circuit identifier.

[/li]
[li]Packet over SONET:
The Cisco POS interface supports Cisco HDLC and PPP encapsulation.
The Layer 2 frame is encapsulated into a generic HDLC header (not Cisco proprietary HDLC) and placed into the appropriate SONET Payload Envelope.

[/li]
[li]GRE + IPsec is mechanisms are often used together to allow dynamic routing over a secured site-to-site VPN tunnel

[/li]
[li]IPv4 DHCP operations:
If the DHCP clients and servers are on the same subnet, DHCP uses UDP broadcasts to communicate with the clients and servers.
If the client and server are on different subnets, DHCPDISCOVER and DHCPREQUEST messages are sent via UDP broadcasts, but DHCPOFFER and DHCPACK messages are unicast.

[/li]
[li]VRF is Cisco router feature allows multiple independent routing table instances to co-exist within the same router at the same time.

[/li]
[li]Refer to the exhibit.

Company 1 has merged with Company 2. Company 1 is using RIPv2 as its IGP and Company 2 is using EIGRP as its IGP. EIGRP also is running between R1 and R2 over the WAN link.
The Company 1 RIP routes appear as external EIGRP routes within Company 2.
The Company 2 EIGRP routes appear as RIPv2 routes within Company 1.
Configure mutual route redistribution between RIPv2 and EIGRP on the R1 router is action must be taken.

[/li]
[li]Statements about these partial Cisco IOS/IOS-XE configurations:


Quote:
interface e0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat outside
!
interface e1
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
!
ip nat inside source static 10.1.1.2 192.168.1.2


10.1.1.2 is the inside local address.
This is an example of static one-to-one Network Address Translation.

[/li]
[li]

Quote:
interface Ethernet0
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
!
interface Ethernet1
ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
!
interface Serial0
ip address 172.17.38.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat outside
!
ip nat inside source list 1 interface Serial0 overload
!
access-list 1 permit 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 1 permit 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255


Configuration is necessary to support this output:


Quote:
RouterX# show ip nat translations

Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global
TCP 172.17.38.1:1050 192.168.3.7:1050 10.1.1.1:23 10.1.1.1:23
TCP 172.17.38.1:1776 192.168.4.12:1776 10.2.2.2:25 10.2.2.2:25



[/li]
[li]Neighbor discovery protocol in ICMPv6 is IPv6 feature replaced and enhanced the IPv4 ARP functions.

[/li]
[li]DSL-based Internet services for residential users:
At the DSL service provider location, a DSLAM is used to terminate and then aggregate the DSL connections over an ATM network.
The most commonly installed DSL variant for residential deployments is ADSL.
Most residential deployments use PPPoE encapsulation where the end user PC or the DSL CPE will require a PPP username and password configuration.

[/li]
[li]Given the Class C IP network of 192.168.1.0, using VLSM, subnets meet the requirements in the exhibit:

192.168.1.0/27
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/28
192.168.1.80/28
192.168.1.96/30

[/li]
[li]Refer to the exhibit:

Transport and application layers of the TCP/IP model operates end-to-end (Host A to Host

.

[/li]
[li]Applications require the network to have the least amount of jitter, delay, and packet loss:
VoIP
Cisco TelePresence

[/li]
[li]per-vlan rapid spanning tree (rapid-pvst) is the default spanning-tree mode of an NNI port on a Cisco ME3400 switch.

[/li]
[li]Transparent bridging operations:
A bridge operates at the data link layer.
A bridge sends unknown unicast frames out on all ports except the incoming port.

[/li]
[li]According to this show output:


Quote:
SW1#show port-security interface fa0/1

Port Security : Enabled
Port Status : Secure-up
Violation Mode : Shutdown
Aging Time : 0 mins
Aging Type : Absolute
SecureStatic Address Aging : Disabled
Maximum MAC Addresses : 10
Total MAC Addresses : 1
Configured MAC Addresses : 0
Sticky MAC Addresses : 0
Last Source Address:Vlan : 1110.353f.c091:2
Security Violation Count : 0


Dynamically learned MAC addresses on the port that are stored in the running configuration.[/li]

 

[PlAwAnSaI]

640-878 SPNGN2 Exam Topics

Exam Description
The 640-878 Building Cisco Service Provider Next-Generation Networks, Part 2 exam is associated with the Cisco CCNA Service Provider certification. This exam tests the knowledge and skills that are necessary to implement and support a service provider network. Candidates can prepare for this exam by taking the Building Cisco Service Provider Next-Generation Networks, Part 2 (SPNGN2) course.

Exam Topics
The following topics are general guidelines for the content that is likely to be included on the Building Cisco Service Provider Next-Generation Networks, Part 2 exam. However, other related topics may also appear on any specific delivery of the exam. To better reflect the contents of the exam and for clarity purposes, the guidelines that follow may change at any time without notice.

IP NGN Architecture


[li]Identify the functional components that are required to meet a given network specification[/li]
[li]Troubleshoot common network problems at Layers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 using a layered-model approach[/li]
[li]Describe the different types of service providers[/li]
[li]Describe service provider principal and reference next-generation network (NGN) architecture[/li]
[li]Describe the IP address and autonomous system (AS) number allocation process via the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and Regional Internet Registries (RIRs)[/li][/list]

Switched Network Technologies II


[li]Configure enhanced switching technologies (including Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol [RSTP], Multiple Spanning Tree [MST], and Per VLAN Spanning Tree [PVST]) on Cisco IOS Software switches[/li]
[li]Describe how VLANs create logically separate networks and the need for routing between them[/li]
[li]Configure VLANs on Cisco IOS Software switches[/li]
[li]Configure trunking on Cisco IOS Software switches[/li]
[li]Configure inter-VLAN routing[/li]
[li]Configure Resilient Ethernet Protocol (REP) on Cisco IOS Software switches[/li]
[li]Configure queue-in-queue (QinQ) on Cisco IOS Software switches[/li][/list]

Routed Network Technologies II


[li]Configure basic single-area Open Shortest Path First version 2 (OSPFv2) and OSPF version 3 (OSPFv3) routing on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Configure basic single-area Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) routing on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Describe the differences between static versus dynamic routing as well as distance vector versus link-state routing protocol operations[/li]
[li]Configure basic Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routing on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Describe the address family concept on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Describe IPv6 transitioning technologies[/li]
[li]Configure First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP) (including Hot Standby Router Protocol [HSRP], Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol [VRRP], and Gateway Load Balancing Protocol [GLBP]) on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Implement access control list (ACL) on Cisco routers[/li]
[li]Describe carrier-grade NAT (CGN) and Network Address Translation 64 (NAT64)[/li]
[li]Describe Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) functions in the service provider IP NGN[/li]
[li]Configure Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) on Cisco routers[/li][/list]

Cisco Operating Systems and Platforms II


[li]Manage the Cisco IOS XR configurations and software packages[/li]
[li]Describe Cisco IOS XE software packages[/li]
[li]Describe Cisco service provider router platforms, their operating system, and their placement in the service provider IP NGN[/li][/list]

Network Set authentication, frame-relay, NAT, DHCP
IOS XR
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)
VLAN
Cisco Resilient Ethernet Protocol (REP)

Network service provider


Code:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_service_provider



Cisco ASR 1000 Series: ISSU Deployment Guide and Case Study


Code:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/routers/ps9343/white_paper_c11_517184.html



Cisco ASR 1000 Series Aggregation Services Routers Ordering Guide


Code:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/routers/ps9343/product_bulletin_c07-448862.html



The bit error rate or bit error ratio (BER) is the number of bit errors divided by the total number ...


Code:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_error_rate



What is Cisco IOS XE?


Code:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/iosswrel/ps9442/ps11192/ps11194/QA_C67-622903.html




[li]MST:
Spanning-tree mode can be used to map several VLAN to a single spanning-tree instance.
Spanning-tree mode uses the name command to configure a region name.

[/li]
[li]Turboboot is procedure used as the last resort disaster recovery procedure to completely replace the currently installed IOS XR software on Cisco IOS XR routers.

[/li]
[li].vm is file extension indicates a bootable installation file in Cisco IOS XR software.

[/li]
[li]When configuring an ACL entry, 10.8.144.0 0.0.7.255 is network and wildcard mask matches IP addresses 10.8.144.0 to 10.8.151.255.

[/li]
[li]192.168.80.64 to 192.168.80.79 are IP addresses matched by the permit 192.168.80.64 0.0.0.15 access-list entry.

[/li]
[li]NAT444:
NAT is performed by the CPE and also by the service provider router.
NAT packets traverse three IPv4 addressing domains.

[/li]
[li]Refer to the output:
[/list]


Quote:
ipv4 access-list FILTER
10 permit tcp any 192.168.15.32 0.0.0.15 eq www
20 deny ipv4 any 192.168.15.32 0.0.0.15
30 permit ipv4 any any


The access list has been configured on the Gi0/0/0/0 interface in the inbound direction. Example Packets that are sourced from 10.1.1.1 TCP port 1060, if they are routed to the Gi0/0/0/0 interface, will be permitted:
Destination IP address: 192.168.15.49, destination TCP port: 80
Destination IP address: 192.168.15.49, destination TCP port: 8080
Destination IP address: 192.168.15.46, destination TCP port: 80
Destination IP address: 192.168.15.36, destination TCP port: 80

[/li]
[li]NAT64:
There are two types of NAT64 (stateful or stateless).
The DNS64 server embeds the IPv4 address from the DNS A record with a preconfigured IPv6 translation prefix.

[/li]
[li]Refer to the output:


Quote:
ipv4 access-list FILTER
10 deny tcp any 10.10.192.0 0.0.3.255 eq telnet
20 permit ipv4 any 10.10.192.0 0.0.3.255
30 deny ipv4 any any


The access list has been configured on the Gi0/0/0/0 interface in the inbound direction. Example packets that are sourced from 172.16.1.1 TCP port 1050, if they are routed to the Gi0/0/0/0 interface, will be permitted:
Destination IP address: 10.10.192.201, destination TCP port: 80
Destination IP address: 10.10.193.255, destination TCP port: 80

[/li]
[li]GLBP is first-hop router redundancy protocol uses the active virtual gateway to assign a virtual MAC address to the active virtual forwarders.

[/li]
[li]BGP weight attribute on Cisco routers:
It is only locally significant.
Routes with higher weight are the preferred routes.

[/li]
[li]AS path is BGP attribute is also used for loop prevention.
As RFC 4271 says, "AS loop detection is done by scanning the full AS path (as specified in the AS_PATH attribute), and checking that the autonomous system number of the local system does not appear in the AS path".

[/li]

 

[PlAwAnSaI]

[li]The permit 172.16.32.0 0.0.15.255 access-list entry permits exactly 172.16.32.0 to 172.16.47.255 IP address range.

[/li]
[li]On the Cisco ME 3400 switch, spanning tree is enabled by default on NNI type of switch port.

[/li]
[li]Refer to the two show output examples below. The switch with the e8ba.70b5.7180 MAC address is the root bridge for VLAN 80.

[/li]
[li]Refer to the Cisco IOS XR commands exhibit.


Quote:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0E7#install activate disk0:asr9k-video-p-4.1.0
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker

RP/0/RSP0/CPU0E7#show user all
Tue Sep 20 21:39:00.331 UTC
Username: admin
Groups: root-system



The router administrator is trying to activate a software package on the router but is not able to do so. The router needs to be in the admin EXEC mode.

[/li]
[li]During the BGP route selection process on Cisco routers, weight is BGP attribute examined first, to determine the best path to use.

[/li]
[li]NSP is type of service provider responsible for offering backbone connectivity services to other service providers.

[/li]
[li]Cisco IP NGN service providers can offer multiple services to their customers by using IP/MPLS is type of technology in their core networks.

[/li]
[li]ISPs use BGP is protocol to establish peering sessions in an Internet exchange point environment.

[/li]
[li]You are enabling OSPF on a router and notice that all the Fast Ethernet and the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces have the same OSPF cost of 1. Change the OSPF auto-cost reference bandwidth is single configuration can make in router ospf configuration mode so that the Fast Ethernet interfaces have a higher OSPF cost than the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces.

[/li]
[li]On Cisco IOS XR software.


Quote:
router ospf 1
area 0
interface gi0/0/0/0


Is set of commands enables OSPF area 0 on the Gi0/0/0/0 interface that has an IPv4 IP address.

[/li]
[li]Statements about OSPFv2 or OSPFv3 authentication:
OSPFv3 uses IPsec for authentication and encryption.
On Cisco IOS XR platforms, OSPFv3 authentication can be configured at the OSPF routing process, area, or interface level.
OSPF authentication on Cisco IOS and IOS XE platforms can be configured per area or per interface.

[/li]
[li]In IS-IS routing, the NSEL must always be 00 to identify the router.

[/li]
[li]You have just enabled IS-IS on the lab testing network. You notice that IS-IS is not using the optimal path selection based on the interface bandwidth. Currently, the IS-IS routing process seems to be selecting the best path based on the hop count.
Change the default IS-IS metric on each of the router interfaces to better correspond to the interface bandwidth is configuration change can make to cause IS-IS to select the optimal path based on the interface bandwidth.

[/li]
[li]You have installed a new router and configured OSPF on it. However, this new router is not able to establish an OSPF neighbor relationship with the neighbor OSPF router. Conditions could cause this problem:
Mismatched OSPF area ID between the new router and the neighbor router.
Mismatched OSPF hello/dead interval between the new router and the neighbor router.
Mismatched OSPF authentication data between the new router and the neighbor router.
Mismatched interface MTU between the new router and the neighbor router.

[/li]
[li]Refer to the Cisco IOS XR configuration:


Quote:
router isis 1
net 49.0001.0100.0200.1001.00
address-family ipv4 unicast
metric-style wide
address-family ipv6 unicast
metric-style wide


This router belongs to area ID 0001.

[/li]
[li]MPLS PHP is implemented to increase the performance on the egress edge LSR. PHP allows the egress edge LSR to perform only one lookup to route the IP packet based on destination IP address and routing table.

[/li]
[li]Refer to the exhibit.

MPLS LDP operations:
The incoming label for 10.2.10.1/32 is 16010 (which is allocated by the local router), and the outgoing label is 22 (as advertised by the next-hop router).
The ImpNull outgoing label for the 192.168.102.0/24 network means that the outgoing label should be removed when sending packets to the 192.168.112.40 next-hop router, when the incoming label is 16003.
The outgoing label of 22 for 10.2.10.1/32 is learned from the 192.168.112.40 LDP neighbor.

[/li]
[li]On Cisco IOS XR software, LDP is enabled on each interface, using the interface command under mpls ldp (MPLS LDP configuration mode).

[/li]
[li]REP configurations on a Cisco ME 3400 switch port:
The port where the segment terminates is called the edge port.
With REP, at least one port is always blocked in any given segment-that is, the alternate port.
Use the rep segment number command to enable REP on the switch port.
The port must be an NNI type and must be in trunk mode.

[/li]
[li]A VLAN is a logical grouping of switch ports that belong to these:
The same IP subnet
The same broadcast domain

[/li]
[li]Refer to the configuration:


Quote:
SwitchX#configure terminal
SwitchX(config)#interface fa0/11
SwitchX(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
SwitchX(config-if)#end


VLAN 1 traffic is sent untagged on the fa0/11 trunk port.

[/li]
[li]Refer to the partial configurations:


Quote:
!ME3400
!
ip routing
!
vlan 10
vlan 20
interface Fa0/1
switchport access vlan 10
interface Fa0/2
switchport access vlan 20
!




Quote:
interface vlan 10
ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface vlan 20
ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
!


Is additional configurations are required to enable inter-VLAN routing for VLANs 10 and 20 on the Cisco ME 3400 switch using the metro IP access image.

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[li]Refer to the topology diagram in the exhibit.

Interface configuration commands on the Cisco ME 3400-1 switch Fa 0/1 interface are required to support the VLANs for Customer A to be trunked across the service provider network:
switchport mode dot1q-tunnel
switchport access vlan 30

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[li]2002::/16 is IPv6 address block is reserved for 6to4 tunneling.

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[li]When upgrading a Cisco ASR 1001 Router, to run the router using individual subpackages is the request platform software package expand file bootflash:image-name command required.

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[li]Cisco 12000 GSR is Cisco router platform supports running either the Cisco IOS or IOS XR operating system.
The CRS-1 platform natively runs the IOS XR operating system. The c12000 platform, originally being an IOS router, can be upgrade to run IOS XR. However, c12000 hardware, including line cards (LC) as well as route processors (RP), must be checked for XR compliance.
TURBOBOOT refers to a fresh boot of the router from ROMMON. TURBOBOOT is required if an IOS router is being converted to IOS XR or as a last resort disaster recovery in the case of CRS-1. If the router is already running an IOS XR image, there is no need to TURBOBOOT the router for an upgrade or downgrade.
A new c12000 platform can be ordered prebaked as an IOS XR router; however, there will always be cases where an IOS running c12000 needs to install IOS XR.

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