รวมประเภทของ Program ต่างๆ ว่าใช้งานอะไรบ้าง !!!

[PlAwAnSaI]

• เก็บข้อมูลปริมาณการใช้งานระบบเครือข่าย, เก็บและวิเคราห์ Log ต่างๆ , ใช้วิเคราะห์ปริมาณการใช้งานทรัพยากรต่างๆ ทั้งของ Server
  www.thaiadmin.org/board/index.php?topic=95033
  
• www.coimbatorewebhosting.com/blog/how-to-install-zabbix-on-centos

What is ZABBIX ?:The Enterprise-class Open Source Network Monitoring Solution:

• 1998 - started as an internal project in a bank
• April, 2001 - first release of Zabbix 1.0 alpha 1
• 12 November, 2013 - Zabbix 2.2 LTS
• 16 February, 2016 - Zabbix 3.0 LTS
• 21 August, 2017 - Zabbix 3.4
• 1 October, 2018 - Zabbix 4.0 LTS

Zabbix release a stable version every one and a half year that means that stable release means that this release will be supported for five years.Zabbix Components:

• Zabbix agent
• Zabbix server
• Zabbix proxy
• Jave Gateway
• Zabbix frontend
• Zabbix database

Operating Systems Support:

• Linux
• FreeBSD
• NetBSD
• IBM AIX
• IBM Power8
• OpenBSD
• HP-UX
• Mac OS X
• Solaris
• Windows (Only Agent)

Database Support:

• MariaDB
• MySQL
• SQLite
• PostgreSQL
• Oracle DB
• IBM DB2
• Elasticsearch

www.zabbix.com/aboutCapabilities and system requirements:System Requirements:

• 128MB physical memory
• 256MB disk space
• the more you store - the more space you need
  
• Small - CentOS - Virtual Appliance - MySQL InnoDB > Monitored 100 hosts
• Medium - CentOS - 2 CPU cores/Memory 2GB - MySQL InnoDB > 500 hosts
• Large - RedHat Enterprise Linux - 4 CPU cores/8GB - RAID10 MySQL InnoDB or PostgreSQL > >1,000 hosts
• Very large - RedHat Enterprise Linux - 8 CPU cores/16GB - Fast RAID10 MySQL InnoDB or PostgreSQL > >10,000 hosts

www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/installation/requirementsCapabilities:

• Millions of metrics per second
• Active/Passive approach
• 100,000 of hosts
• Customization
• Network discovery
• VPS, container, application, server, network infrastructure and etc. monitoring
• ZBX/SNMP/JMX/IPMI
• API
• Personal dashboards
• Encryption
• Maps
• Grouping and templating
• Prediction
• Severity levels

What To Start With ?:Important:

• Look after NVPS as you grow
• Set history and trends period large if it is really needed
• Don't query too often
• Look after disk space
• Set up Zabbix internal alerts
• Add pollers as you grow
• Delete unnecessary data
• Install components on separate machines if possible

Active Monitoring VS. Statistics:

• Statistics for time to time reference or post-incident analysis
• Active monitoring - notify about the incident

What If Don't Know The Solution:

• www.zabbix.com/forum
• zabbix.org/wiki/Main_Page
• share.zabbix.com
• www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual

Installation:

• [root@zabbix]# cat zabbix.repository
• ก่อนการติดตั้้ง Zabbix จะต้อง Configure ค่า Zabbix RPM Repository ดังนี้:
  root@zabbix]# rpm -ivh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
• oot@zabbix]# yum --enablerepo="base" -y install yum-utils
• ot@zabbix]# yum-config-manager --enable rhel-7-server-optional-rpms
• ติดตั้ง Zabbix Server กับ MySQL:
  t@zabbix]# yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql mariadb-server
  Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
• @zabbix]# systemctl enable mariadb
• zabbix]# systemctl start mariadb
• ทำการตั้งค่าเริ่มต้นของ MySQL:
  abbix]# mysql_secure_installation
  Set root password? [Y/n] Y
  Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
  Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
  Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
  Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
• สร้าง Zabbix MySQL Database:
  bbix]# mysql -uroot -p
  MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
  ariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'password';
  riaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
  iaDB [(none)]> quit
• bix]# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix
• ix]# yum install vim
  Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
• x]# echo "syntax on" > ~/.vimrc
• ]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
  :/DB
  Not to delete the default values and not to edit them just copy paste.
  # DBHost=localhost
  DBHost=localhost
  DBPassword=password
  Esc
  : x
• # service zabbix-server start
  If restart machine Zabbix server won't come up.
• systemctl enable zabbix-server
• ทำการแก้ไข Configure เพื่อทำการ Update Timezone ของ Zabbix:
  vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf
  มองหาข้อความและแก้ไขดังนี้:
  php_value date.timezone Asia/Bangkok
  : x
• หลังจากทำการแก้ไขเรียบร้อยแล้ว ต้องทำการ Restart Service Apache:
  service httpd restart
• หลังจากทำการตั้งค่าเสร็จเรียบร้อยแล้ว ให้ทำการ Start Zabbix ตามคำสั่งนี้:
  service zabbix-server status
  Active: active (running)
  See child processes
• service httpd status
• service mariadb status
• ip a
  2: enp0s3:
  inet 10.10.10.11/28
• หลังจากทำการ Start Zabbix เรียบร้อยแล้วให้ทำการเข้าผ่านหน้า Web:
  http://10.10.10.11/zabbix
  Next step can scroll it's down everything is OK.
  Password: password
  Finish
• Default Username:
  Username: Admin
  Password: zabbix
  Sign in
• www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/installation/install_from_packages

Zabbix agents: คือ Software เพิ่มเติมที่ติดตั้งหลังจากติดตั้ง Zabbix Server เพื่อใช้ในการ Monitor ตัว Zabbix Server แบ่งเป็นสองกรณี:

1. Passive Check คือ Zabbix Agent จะส่งข้อมูลหาฝั่ง Server เมื่อมีการร้องขอ
2. Active Check คือ Zabbix Agent จะส่งข้อมูลหาฝั่ง Server เป็นระยะๆ

• yum install zabbix-agent
  Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
• vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
  LogFileSize=100(MB)
  EnableRemoteCommans=1
  LogRemoteCommands=1
  #Hostname=Zabbix server
  RefreshActiveChecks=60(seconds)
  : x
• systemctl enable zabbix-agent
• systemctl start zabbix-agent
• service zabbix-agent status

 

[PlAwAnSaI]

Zabbix Installation Step:
www.zabbix.com/download

Zabbix Template:
github.com/jjmartres/Zabbix/tree/master/zbx-templates

Zabbix Web:
Configuration > Hosts > Create host:
Host name: localhost
Groups: Linux servers
Add > Items > Create item:
Name: agent.ping
Key: agent.ping
New application: availability
Add > Create item:
Name: agent.hostname
Type: Zabbix agent (active)
Key: agent.hostname
Type of information: Text
History storage period: 7d
New application: agent information
Add > Apply > No Info column = up and running
Search: localhost > Latest data > Graph:
View as: Valuesyum install zabbix_getzabbix_get -s 127.0.0.1 -k agent.pingvim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.confzabbix_server -R config_cache_reload > Apply changes at the very moment (Default 60 seconds)[/list]
Monitoring network equipment with SNMP:[*]yum insatll net-snmp
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
[*]yum install net-snmp-utils.x86_64[*]snmpwalk -v2c -cmycommunity 10.10.10.1 sysDescr or
snmpwalk -v2c -cmycommunity 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1

[*]Configuration > Hosts > Create host
Host name: gateway
Groups: Discovered hosts
Agent interfaces: Remove
SNMP interfaces: 10.10.10.1 IP 161 and Use bulk requests > Add
Items > Create item
Name: System Description
Type: SNMPv2 agent
Key: sysDescr.0
Host interface: 10.10.10.1 : 161
SNMP OID: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
SNMP community: mycommunity
Update interval: 30s
History storage period: 3d > Add

[*]vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
change community from public > mycommunity
systemctl start snmpd
systemctl status snmpd

[*]Administration > General > Drop down box: Other
Refresh unsupported items: 1m > Update[*]# zabbix_server -R config_cache_reload

[*]Configuration > Hosts > gateway Items
Status: Enabled

[*]Monitoring > Latest data
Hosts: gateway > Apply
Last value: RouterOS RB751U-2HnD

[*]Configuration > Hosts > localhost
SNMP interface > Add > Update

[*] localhost Items > Create item
Name: System Description
Type: SNMPv2 agent
Key: sysDescr.0
SNMP OID: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
SNMP community: mycommunity
Type of information: Text
History storage period: 3d > Add

[*]# zabbix_server -R config_cache_reload

[*]Monitoring > Latest data
Hosts: localhost > Apply
Last value: Linux zabbix 3.10.0-862.14...

[*]www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/config/items/itemtypes/snmp
[/list]
Integrating own script into Zabbix and use it as an item:

• # vim /ect/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
  ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts
  :q
• # cd /usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts
• ll
  
• vim echo.sh
  #!/bin/bash
  ARG=$1
  
  if $ARG -eq 1
  then
  echo -e "one";
  elif $ARG -eq 2
  then
  echo -e "two";
  else
  echo -e "nodata";
  fi
  
• ./echo.sh
  nodata
  ./echo.sh 1
  one
  ./echo.sh 2
  two
  
• Configuration > Hosts > localhost Items > Create item
  Name: Echo 1, 2, nodata
  Type: External check
  Key: echo.sh["1"], ["2"], []
  Type of information: Text
  History storage period: 1d > Add
  
• Monitoring > Latest data
  Echo 1: Last value: one
  Echo 2: two
  Echo nodata: nodata
  
• www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/config/items/itemtypes/external

Monitoring hosts without SNMP or Zabbix agents. Create ICMP echo tests:

• Configuration > Hosts > localhost Items > Create item
  Name: Gateway HTTP reachability
  Type: Simple check
  Key: Select > net.tcp.service[service,,] > [http,10.10.10.1,80]
  History storage period: 1d
  Trend storage period: 1w > Add
  
• Create item
  Name: ICMP ping
  Type: Simple check
  Key:
  
  Select >
  
  icmppingloss[,,,,]
  
  > [10.10.10.1,5,20(ms),40(byte),200]
  Type of information: Numeric (float)
  Units: %
  History storage period: 1d
  Trend storage period: 1w > Add
  
• Monitoring > Latest data
  Gateway HTTP reachability Last value: 0 > can't reach with port 80
  ICMP ping Last value: 0 % > No loss
  
• www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/config/items/itemtypes/simple_checks

How preprocessing works and its capabilities. Configuring preprocessing:

• localhost > System Description > Clone
  Name: Kernel version
  Key: kernel.version > Preprocessing > Add
  Name: Regular expression
  Parameters: (s[0-9].*x86_64s)
  output: kernel is 1 > Add
  
• # zabbix_server -R config_cache_reload
  
• Monitoring > Latest data
  Hosts: localhost > Apply
  Kernel version Last value: kernel is 3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64
  
• gateway Items > Create item
  Name: wlan1 incoming traffic
  Type: SNMPv2 agent
  Key: wlan1.traffic.in
  SNMP OID: interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifInOctets.6
  SNMP community: mycommunity
  Units: bps
  History storage period: 3d
  Trend storage period: 1w > Preprocessing > Add
  Name: Customer multiplier, Parameters: 8 > Change byte to bit > Add
  Name: Change per second > Add
  
• # zabbix_server -R config_cache_reload
  
• Monitoring > Latest data
  Hosts: gateway > Apply
  wlan1 incoming traffic Last value: 1.18 Kbps
  
• www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/appendix/items/preprocessing?s[]=preprocessing

 

[PlAwAnSaI]

Creating calculated items. Practical usage:

• Configuration > Hosts > gateway > Create item
  Name: Last value as % of 5 min max
  Type: Calculated
  Key: last.calculated
  Formula: 100*last("wlan1.traffic.in")/max("wlan1.traffic.in","300")
  • 100% x last("wlan1.traffic.in") / max("wlan1.traffic.in","5 mins")
  Units: %
  History storage period: 1d
  Trend storage period: 3d > Add
  
• # zabbix_server -R config_cache_reload
  
• Last value as % of 5 min max > Check now
  
• Monitoring > Latest data
  Hosts: gateway > Apply
  Last value as % of 5 min max Last value: 16 %
  
• Tick: Last value as % of 5 min max & wlan1 incoming traffic > Display graph
  
• www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/config/items/itemtypes/calculated?s[]=calculated&s[]=items

Create and apply templates. Group hosts into host groups. Explain host groups and templates:

• Configuration > Host groups > Create host group
  Group name: Google > Add
  
• Configuration > Hosts > Create host
  Host name: 8.8.8.8
  Groups: Google > Add
  8.8.8.8 > Full clone
  Host name: 8.8.4.4 > Add
  8.8.8.8 > Full clone
  Host name: google.com > Add
  
• Configuration > Templates > Create template
  Template name: Google ping
  Groups: Google > Add
  
• Google ping Items > Create item
  Name: Ping
  Type: Simple check
  Key: Select > icmpping[,,,,] > [{HOST.HOST},5,20,40,200] > Add
  
• Configuration > Hosts
  Group: Google > Tick all > Mass update > Templates > Link templates > Google ping > Update
  
• Monitoring > Latest data
  Host groups: Google > Apply
  Last value: 1
  
• www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/config/templates

Explain macros in Zabbix. Practical usage. Configuring same macros on different levels. Macro priorities. Macro types:

1. System macro / macro functions:
   {HOST.HOST} ; {HOST.NAME}
   
2. User macros:
   {$TIMEOUT} ; {$LIMIT}
   
3. Low-level discovery macro:
   {#RULE} ; {#NAME}
   

• priority Host level
• priority Template
• priority Global
  
• priority Global
  Configuration > Templates > Create template Name: Echo script > Items > Create item
  Name: Echo
  Type: External check
  Key: echo.sh["{$NUMBER}"]
  Type of information: Text > Add
  
• Administration > General > Drop down list: Macros > Add
  Macro: {$NUMBER}
  Value: 1 > Update
  
• Configuration > Hosts > Tick 3 google hosts > Mass update > Templates > Link templates: Echo script > Update
  
• # zabbix_server -R config_cache_reload
  
• Monitoring > Latest data > Host group: Google > Apply
  Echo Last value: one
  
• priority Template
  Configuration > Templates > Echo script > Macros > Inherited and template macros
  Macro {$NUMBER} Effective value: 2 > Update
  
• Monitoring > Latest data > Host group: Google > Apply
  Echo Last value: two
  
• priority Host level
  Host Name: 8.8.8.8 > Macros > Inherited and template macros
  Macro {$NUMBER} Effective value: 5 > Update
  
• Monitoring > Latest data > Host group: Google > Apply
  8.8.8.8 Echo Last value: nodata
  
• www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/manual/config/macros

Explain usage of regular expressions. Difference between usage of simple and complex ones: